MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay

MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay MGMT302Chapter 13 Essay 13 Section 13 MRP and ERP McGraw-Hill/Irwin Activities Management, Eighth Edition, by William J. Stevenson Copyright  © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights MRP ï  ® Material necessities arranging (MRP): Computer-based data framework that deciphers ace timetable necessities for end things into time-staged prerequisites for subassemblies, segments, and crude materials. Autonomous and Autonomous Demand Subordinate Demand Subordinate Demand A C(2) B(4) D(2) E(1) D(3) F(2) Autonomous interest is questionable. Subordinate interest is sure. Dependant Demand ï  ® Subordinate interest: Demand for things that are subassemblies or segment parts to be utilized underway of completed merchandise. ï  ® When the autonomous interest is known, the reliant interest can be resolved. MRP Inputs MRP Processing MRP Outputs Changes Request discharges Ace timetable Planned-request plans Primary reports Bill of materials Inventory records MRP PC programs Secondary reports Exception reports Arranging reports Performancecontrol reports Stock exchange MPR Inputs ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Ace Production Schedule Time-staged arrangement indicating timing and amount of creation for each end thing. Material Requirement Planning Process c u d o Pr e r T t u r t S e r u ct an e L I T d s e m Ace Schedule Ace timetable: One of three essential contributions to MRP; states which end things are to be created, when these are required, and in what amounts. Combined lead time: The whole of the lead times that consecutive periods of a procedure require, from requesting of parts or crude materials to fruition of conclusive gathering. Arranging Horizon Get together Subassembly Manufacture Acquirement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bill-of-Materials Bill of materials (BOM): One of the three essential contributions of MRP; a posting of the entirety of the crude materials, parts, subassemblies, and congregations expected to create one unit of an item. Item structure tree: Visual delineation of the necessities in a bill of materials, where all segments are recorded by levels. Item Structure Tree Level 0 1 Seat Leg Get together 2 Legs (2) 3 Cross bar Seat Back Get together Side Cross Back Rails (2) bar Supports (3) Stock Records ï  ® ï  ® One of the three essential contributions to MRP Remembers data for the status of every thing by timespan ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Net prerequisites Booked receipts Sum close by Lead times Parcel sizes What's more, more †¦ Get together Time Chart Acquirement of crude material D Fabrication of part E Subassembly A Acquirement of crude material F Acquirement of part C Last get together and review Acquirement of part H Creation of part G Acquirement of crude material I 1 2 3 Subassembly B 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MRP Processing ï  ® Net necessities ï  ® Timetable receipts ï  ® Anticipated close by ï  ® Net necessities ï  ® Arranged request receipts ï  ® Arranged request discharges MPR Processing ï  ® Net necessities ï  ® ï  ® Planned receipts ï  ® ï  ® Absolute anticipated interest Open requests planned to show up Moved toward hand ï  ® Anticipated stock available toward the start of each timeframe MPR Processing ï  ® Net prerequisites ï  ® ï  ® ï  ® Genuine sum required in each timespan Arranged request receipts ï  ® Amount expected to got toward the start of the period ï  ® Balance by lead time Arranged request discharges ï  ® Arranged add up to arrange in each timeframe Updating the System ï  ® Regenerative framework ï  ® ï  ® Updates MRP records occasionally Net-change framework ï  ® Updates MPR records ceaselessly MRP Outputs ï  ® Arranged requests - plan showing the sum and timing of future requests. ï  ® Request discharges - Authorization for the execution of arranged requests. ï  ® Changes - corrections of due dates or request amounts, or undoings of requests. MRP Secondary Reports ï  ® Execution control reports ï  ® Arranging reports ï  ®

Strategic Dissection of Blackberry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Key Dissection of Blackberry - Assignment Example The administration in the wake of investigating shrouded request of the market chose to structure programming which would empower clients of Blackberry Smartphone to obtain entrance of wide cluster of cutting edge innovation based applications. At the point when the telephone was propelled in the initials stage it pulled in enormous level of net revenues. Anyway with changing situation of business condition Blackberry saw fluctuating purchaser request. On a more extensive setting, it tends to be expressed that there was a requirement for vital change in its business activities. This association has upper hand as its creative plans to give remote answers for target advertise. In the current situation there are sure key goals being actualized by the organization, for example, making vital improvement period a lot shorter, guaranteeing immediate and basic correspondence, and drawing a reasonable qualification among desires and responsibilities (Blackberry, 2013). Item arranged methodolo gy is the significant system of the organization. This type of system even incorporates client, innovation, market and items. Long haul variant of customer understanding isn't encouraged in the organization as the emphasis is on moderating present purchaser request. Utilitarian, business and corporate level techniques are fused by each association in order to increase a serious situation in the business. Blackberry consistently has followed item situated methodology since its primary point was to pass on item benefits over the globe. There are sure vital changes being made at all levels so as to continue its business tasks. Corporate level technique of Blackberry is to contend viably in worldwide and national markets. The organization wants to gain the most extreme piece of the overall industry in coming years. Business methodology of the organization signifies the market broadening technique actualized by

What are the Characteristics of Beiersdorf’s brand portfolio The WritePass Journal

What are the Characteristics of Beiersdorf’s brand portfolio References What are the Characteristics of Beiersdorf’s brand portfolio IntroductionThe Brand Relationship SpectrumMarket DevelopmentProduct DevelopmentDiversificationRoles of Nivea as an umbrella brandEnhancing the Value PropositionGeneration of Communication EfficienciesProvision of credibilityVisibilityThe basic factors that Beiersdorf used to effectively expand the Nivea brandReferencesRelated Presentation As found in the Beiersdorf’s Brand-Product Matrix, Beiersdorf’s brand portfolio contains eight brands to be specific: Labello, Nivea, 8X4, La Prairie, Juvena, Eucerin, Hansaplast/Elastoplast, and Florena. Among these brands, the most noticeable is the Nivea brand, which the organization utilizes as the umbrella brand for wide healthy skin and individual consideration. Most brands have sub-brands. They incorporate Nivea, La Prairie, Eucerin, Hansaplast, and Florena). The other residual brands have no sub-brands. Nivea, being the umbrella brand and the most prevailing brand, has fifteen sub-brands with each sub-brand widely stretched out to meet the particular needs of the clients dependent on sexual orientation, age gatherings, and practical advantages. The sub-brands are: Nivea Cream, Nivea Visage, Nivea Beaute, Nivea Hair Care, Nivea Body, Nivea Soft, Nivea Hand, Nivea Sun, Nivea Deodorant, Nivea Intimate Care, Nivea Baby, Nivea Lip Care, Nivea Bath Care, Nivea for Men, and Nivea Visage Vital. Ucerin, as a brand, likewise has a few sub-brands. They incorporate Face Care, Hair Care, Deodorant, Body Care, Lip Care, Hand Care, Foot Care, Sun Care, and Anti Age. Hansaplast’s sub-brands are: Plaster, Wound Care, Foot Care, Scar Reducer, Sport, Insect Bites, and Pain Relief. The sub-marks inside Florena are: Face Care, Body Care, Hair Care, Skin and Hand Cream, and Florena for Men. La Prairie has just three sub-brands, which are: Skin Care Treatments, Fragrances, and Color. 8X4 is known for the Deo Sprays and Roll-ons, Labello for the Lip Care, and Juvena for healthy skin. On the off chance that we definitely think about the above brands, we understand that comparable sub-brands are advertised. Nivea and Ucerin offer practically comparative items. This is a significant system in showcase inclusion. Here, the organization broadens its objective gathering as it targets various customers, advertise fragments, and channel merchants. In this manner, the organization expands its inclusion for both the accessible clients and the potential clients. This guarantees none of the clients is disregarded. The organization has additionally accomplished in expansion of cover. This guarantees there is decreased or no opposition among the brands themselves. Beiersdorf’s brand portfolio attributes accompany different advantages. In the first place, the dangers are brought down. The organization works inside a more extensive market go as it expands the inclusion on clients. The umbrella brand Nivea has great picture that makes the sub-brands to appreciate advantages of decreased dangers. In the event of a pollution or loss of picture in one brand, different brands don't endure. Regardless of whether an item inside the umbrella brand neglects to meet the desires for the clients, different items don't experience the ill effects of the equivalent. This is on the grounds that; the organization has submitted itself in improving the brand picture and has prevailing with regards to pulling in customers’ confidents in the items. Beiersdorf Company likewise appreciates extraordinary economies of scale. Because of the presence of the parent marks, the expenses brought about underway, innovative work, dispersion, statistical surveying, and so on are enormously diminished. With this portfolio, the emphasis on the division systems is likewise upgraded. Throughout the years, Beiersdorf Company has been viewed as the market master. Its items have internationally developed as market pioneers. The expansion methodologies at Beiersdorf Company are Line augmentations, and Category expansion. Line augmentation has been utilized in the presentation of new items in order to focus on the potential clients and market sections in a similar item class. In such a case, the parent brand is utilized. Class expansion has additionally helped the organization to vanquish distinctive item classifications. Because of the expansions, the organization has delighted in different advantages, among which are: acceptable picture creation, hazard decrease, incredible efficiencies in bundling, naming, creation, and promoting. Likewise, there are high odds of picking up appropriation, as the expense of basic and promoting are enormously brought down. The expenses of growing new brands are likewise disposed of. Simultaneously, shoppers are guaranteed of assortments of items. 1. David A. Aaker and Erich Joachimsthaler stated, â€Å"The challenge is to make a brand group where all the sub brands and brands fit in and productive† in The Brand Relationship Spectrum. Examine the Beiersdorf’s Brand engineering procedures based on brand relationship range. The business situations today have profoundly changed the jobs of brand chiefs as they are confronted with worldwide changes, channel elements and market fractures. The significant expenses in making of new brands put a great deal of focus on the brand resources. Because of these complexities and weights, the brand administrators are confronted with a few difficulties that call for legitimate comprehension of both the connections and structures. â€Å"Brand architecture† gives a definitive arrangement. As indicated by Aaker and Joachimsthaler (2000), brand design is characterized as the arranging structure of the brand portfolio where the brand jobs and the idea of brand connections are characterized. All around characterized brand design can limit wastage, disarray, and market shortcoming; as it advances cooperative energy, influence, lucidity, and openings. The Brand Relationship Spectrum Based on brand relationship range, Beiersdorf has received the â€Å"Branded House Strategy†. Here, Nivea is the umbrella brand. Nivea gives the worldwide umbrella under which a wide product offering works. The items incorporate Nivea Body Care, Nivea Face Care, Nivea Hand Care, Nivea Men’s Care, Nivea Sun Care, Nivea Bath Care, Nivea Lip Care, and Nivea Deodorants. With this sort of brand engineering methodology, there is a great deal of lucidity, cooperative energy, and influence. Beiersdorf appreciates greatest lucidity, as the clients know precisely what is advertised. From a marking viewpoint, it is straightforward the brand since all the items inside the brand convey a similar message. This improves clearness when contrasted with a few individual brands where each brand has its own affiliations. Clients effectively know, comprehend, and review the brand. Correspondence accomplices and the representatives additionally advantage enormously from the lucidity and the emphasis on a solitary prevailing brand. When contrasted with different systems, the subject of brand needs or the need to ensure the brand doesn't emerge. What's more, Beiersdorf appreciates amplification of cooperative energy. Interest in one item showcase, state, Nivea Face Care, makes affiliations and perceivability which enables different items to like Nivea Body Care, Nivea Men’s Care, among others. Advancements and upgrades in nature of one item improve the brand in different items also. Besides, an introduction of the brand in one item makes perceivability, which upgrades the brand mindfulness in the various items. In many settings, there is a ton of info and endeavors in umbrella brand Nivea to construct its general picture. This system gives space to more practical methods in propelling of new items and brand expansions. At the point when another item is to be brought into the market, the limited time costs are incredibly brought down. Because of the presence of a similar brand name, new items consistently have expanded odds of client acknowledgment since they convey a similar brand name. Working of the new item mindfulness without any preparation is completely wiped out. As far as brand advancement, Beiersdorf appreciates economies of scale. The assets are directed all the more adequately because of the way that just one brand is advanced. One of the impediments of this system is the chance of brand weakening. If not appropriately checked, there can be weakening of the umbrella brand Nivea when item multiplication happens. All items might not have a similar situating subject. Any deviation from the umbrella brand’s situating will result into the weakening of the primary situating subject of the whole marked house. The organization may likewise be compelled to do without a ton of market openings whenever the open doors neglect to fit into the situating of the parent’s brand. On the off chance that one brand falls flat, there can be antagonistic negative effects on the whole marked house because of the way that all the items convey same brand name. Any discussion that includes a solitary item can unfavorably influence the other residual items. With the marked house technique in an enormous piece of the overall industry, it turns out to be incredibly hard to keep up the quality position or the great picture of the umbrella brand. The capacity of the organization to target explicit gatherings is likewise constrained as bargains are constantly required. The brand name increases the value of the new items because of its worth position, the validity, and the correspondence efficiencies coming about into cost points of interest. Beiersdorf’s ace brand consistently makes the items all the more speaking to the clients, subsequently making the brand value to be utilized in the new setting. Nivea offers incredible perceivability to its new items. Simultaneously, there are incredible decreases in the expenses of advancements and ads, bundling and shows, and handouts, as the earlier brand building endeavors are embraced and utilized straightforwardly. Beiersdorf’s Nivea brand has exceeded expectations in meeting the shifted needs of the clients because of its pertinence. The situation of the brand is high and legitimate, with the high products’ esteem framing the premise of estimating. Nivea brand value is solid because of the perfec

How to Write a Dreyfus Affair Sample Essay

How to Write a Dreyfus Affair Sample EssayDreyfus Affair sample essays can be very easy to write as long as you know the right things to include in your work. You will need to be able to apply what you learned from this affair. You will need to know what subjects to include so that you can make your own sample essay.The first thing that you will need to remember is that you should never use the Dreyfus Affair to make light of your family or if you are the victim, you will have to be very careful with what you write. I am not talking about the part where they were involved in an affair but you should try to see if you can write about something that will make them look bad. If you are writing for someone else then it is okay to include this because it will make you look very good. However, don't be a pervert and use this to write something that you would do to them.Also, you should be able to write a different type of case that has an open-ended ending. This is because when you are wri ting about an affair, you are going to cover many aspects and not all of them will be ending. You may have a situation that is very simple but written in such a way that makes the person look like they are guilty. So you need to be sure that you can write about these things so that you can make them look good.When you are writing a sample essay about a marital affair, the rules that govern those cases don't apply to the one in your case. You shouldn't write about other people's marriages, because it will look like you are trying to make something happen in their lives. It is not your business and it is just something you are going to write about. But, if you are writing about the Dreyfus Affair, you should be aware that there are some things that you should not write about.You can include things such as diary entries, correspondence, and everything that goes on in a person's life. You can include all kinds of things. The only thing that you should not include in your sample essay is anything about a sexual act. You will need to know the details of the sexual acts if you are writing a test or the sample itself because you have to show the reader the evidence and the facts.Another thing that you should also remember is that you shouldn't try to manipulate the person in a case in any way, shape, or form and you shouldn't try to get additional information. You should always write the truth and you shouldn't twist the facts to make them look better. This could cause harm to both parties and it is illegal.As long as you remember those things, then you should be able to write the sample essay about the Dreyfus Affair. You don't have to worry too much about making a good one because you will be writing about something that has already happened and you won't want to add anything that you wouldn't write about if you were the person involved. So, just remember those things and you should be able to write the best one out there.

Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32nd U.S. President

President Franklin D. Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945) led the United States during the Great Depression and World War II. Paralyzed from the waist down after suffering a bout of polio, Roosevelt overcame his disability and was elected president of the United States an unprecedented four times. Fast Facts: Franklin Delano Roosevelt Known For: Served four terms as president of the United States during the Great Depression and World War IIAlso Known As: FDRBorn: January 30, 1882 in Hyde Park, New YorkParents: James Roosevelt and Sara Ann DelanoDied: April 12, 1945 in Warm Springs, GeorgiaEducation: Harvard University and Columbia University Law SchoolSpouse: Eleanor RooseveltChildren: Anna, James, Elliott, Franklin,  JohnNotable Quote: â€Å"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.† Early Years Franklin D. Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1882, at his familys estate, Springwood, in Hyde Park, New York, as the only child of his wealthy parents, James Roosevelt and Sara Ann Delano. James Roosevelt, who had been married once before and had a son (James Roosevelt Jr.) from his first marriage, was an elderly father (he was 53 when Franklin was born). Franklins mother Sara was only 27 when he was born and doted on her only child. Until she died in 1941 (just four years before Franklins death), Sara played a very influential role in her sons life, a role that some describe as controlling and possessive. Franklin D. Roosevelt spent his early years at his family home in Hyde Park. Since he was tutored at home and traveled extensively with his family, Roosevelt did not spend much time with others his age. In 1896 at age 14, Roosevelt was sent for his first formal schooling at the Groton School, a prestigious preparatory boarding school in Groton, Massachusetts. While there, Roosevelt was an average student. College and Marriage Roosevelt entered Harvard University in 1900. Only a few months into his first year, his father died. During his college years, Roosevelt became very active with the school newspaper, The Harvard Crimson, and became its managing editor in 1903. That same year, Roosevelt got engaged to his fifth cousin once removed, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (Roosevelt was her maiden name as well as her married one). Franklin and Eleanor were married two years later, on St. Patricks Day, March 17, 1905. Over the next 11 years, they had six children, although only five lived past infancy. Early Political Career In 1905, Franklin D. Roosevelt entered Columbia Law School but left once he passed the New York State Bar exam in 1907. He worked for a few years in the New York law firm of Carter, Ledyard, and Milburn. He was asked in 1910 to run as a Democrat for the State Senate seat from Duchess County, New York. Although Roosevelt had grown up in Duchess County, the seat had long been held by Republicans. Despite the odds against him, Roosevelt won the Senate seat in 1910 and then again in 1912. Roosevelts career as a state senator was cut short in 1913 when he was appointed by President Woodrow Wilson as the assistant secretary of the Navy. This position became even more important when the United States began making preparations to join in World War I. Franklin D. Roosevelt Runs for Vice President Franklin D. Roosevelt wanted to rise in politics like his fifth cousin (and Eleanors uncle), President Theodore Roosevelt. Even though Franklin D. Roosevelts political career looked very promising, however, he did not win every election. In 1920, Roosevelt was chosen as the vice presidential candidate on the Democratic ticket with James M. Cox. FDR and Cox lost the election. Having lost, Roosevelt decided to take a short break from politics and re-enter the business world. Just a few months later, Roosevelt got sick. Polio Strikes In the summer of 1921, Franklin D. Roosevelt and his family took a vacation to their summer home on Campobello Island, off the coast of Maine and New Brunswick, Canada. On August 10, 1921, after a day spent outdoors, Roosevelt began to feel weak. He went to bed early but woke up the next day much worse, with a high fever and with weakness in his legs. By August 12, 1921, he could no longer stand. Eleanor called a number of doctors to come and see FDR, but it wasnt until August 25 that Dr. Robert Lovett diagnosed him with poliomyelitis (i.e. polio). Before the vaccine was created in 1955, polio was an unfortunately common virus that, in its most severe form, could cause paralysis. At age 39, Roosevelt had lost the use of both of his legs. (In 2003, researchers decided it was likely that Roosevelt had Guillain-Barre syndrome rather than polio.) Roosevelt refused to be limited by his disability. To overcome his lack of mobility, Roosevelt had steel leg braces created that could be locked into an upright position to keep his legs straight. With the leg braces on under his clothes, Roosevelt could stand and slowly walk with the aid of crutches and a friends arm. Without the use of his legs, Roosevelt needed extra strength in his upper torso and arms. By swimming nearly every day, Roosevelt could move in and out of his wheelchair as well as up stairs. Roosevelt even had his car adapted to his disability by installing hand controls rather than foot pedals so that he could sit behind the wheel and drive. Despite the paralysis, Roosevelt kept his humor and charisma. Unfortunately, he also still had pain. Always looking for ways to soothe his discomfort, Roosevelt found a health spa in 1924 that seemed to be one of the very few things that could ease his pain. Roosevelt found such comfort there that in 1926 he bought it. At this spa in Warm Springs, Georgia, Roosevelt subsequently built a house (known as the Little White House) and established a polio treatment center to help other polio patients. Governor of New York In 1928, Franklin D. Roosevelt was asked to run for governor of New York. While he wanted back into politics, FDR had to determine whether or not his body was strong enough to withstand a gubernatorial campaign. In the end, he decided he could do it. Roosevelt won the election in 1928 for governor of New York and then won again in 1930. Franklin D. Roosevelt was now following a similar political path as his distant cousin, President Theodore Roosevelt, from the assistant secretary of the navy to governor of New York to the president of the United States. Underwood Archives / Getty Images Four-Term President During Roosevelts tenure as governor of New York, the Great Depression hit the United States. As average citizens lost their savings and their jobs, people became increasingly infuriated at the limited steps President Herbert Hoover was taking to solve this huge economic crisis. In the election of 1932, citizens were demanding change and FDR promised it to them. In a landslide election, Franklin D. Roosevelt won the presidency. Before FDR became president, there was no limit to the number of terms a person could serve in the office. Up to this point, most presidents had limited themselves to serving a maximum of two terms, as set by the example of George Washington. However, in the time of need caused by the Great Depression and World War II, the people of the United States elected Franklin D. Roosevelt as president of the United States four consecutive times. Partly because of FDRs long stint as president, Congress created the 22nd Amendment to the Constitution which limited future presidents to a maximum of two terms (ratified in 1951). Roosevelt spent his first two terms as president taking steps to ease the U.S. out of the Great Depression. The first three months of his presidency were a whirlwind of activity, which has become known as the first hundred days. The New Deal that FDR offered to the American people began immediately after he took office. Within his first week, Roosevelt had declared a banking holiday in order to strengthen the banks and reestablish confidence in the banking system. FDR also quickly created the alphabet agencies (such as the AAA, CCC, FERA, TVA, and TWA) to help offer relief. On March 12, 1933, Roosevelt addressed the American people via the radio in what became the first of his presidential fireside chats. Roosevelt used these radio speeches to communicate with the public in order to instill confidence in the government and to calm citizens fears and worries. FDRs policies helped lessen the severity of the Great Depression but it did not solve it. It wasnt until World War II that the U.S. was finally out of the depression. Once World War II began in Europe, Roosevelt ordered an increased production of war machinery and supplies. When Pearl Harbor on Hawaii was attacked on December 7, 1941, Roosevelt answered the attack with his a date which will live in infamy speech and a formal declaration of war. FDR led the United States during World War II and was one of the Big Three (Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin) that led the Allies. In 1944, Roosevelt won his fourth presidential election; however, he did not live to finish it. Death On April 12, 1945, Roosevelt was sitting in a chair at his home in Warm Springs, Georgia, having his portrait painted by Elizabeth Shoumatoff, when he stated I have a terrific headache and then lost consciousness. He had suffered a massive cerebral hemorrhage at 1:15 p.m. Franklin D. Roosevelt was pronounced dead at 3:35 p.m. at age 63. Roosevelt, having led the United States during both the Great Depression and World War II, died less than one month before the end of the war in Europe. He was buried at his family home in Hyde Park. Legacy Roosevelt is often listed among the greatest presidents of the United States. A leader who guided the United States out of isolationism and into victory during World War II, he also created a New Deal that paved the path for an array of services to support Americas workers and poor. Roosevelt was also a major figure in the work that led to the creation of the League of Nations and, in later years, the United Nations. Sources â€Å"Franklin D. Roosevelt.† The White House, The United States Government.ï » ¿Freidel, Frank. â€Å"Franklin D. Roosevelt.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 26 Jan. 2019.

The Development Of The World Population - 1528 Words

During the course of the long history, the development of the world population directly depends on the mode of social production, especially the level of development of productive forces. In the history, mankind got the tremendous progress in productivity often with the population rapid develop. In the primitive society, the primitive society s population birth rate and the mortality rate all maintained at about 50% because of the objective law and the social production mode. The number of the population maintain in a state of high birth, high death, and almost stagnant growth. After entering the era of capitalism, the population rapid grows due to the industrial revolution in Europe in 18th. From the early nineteenth century to 1950, Europe, the United States and other developed countries’ population growth 2.35 times in the 150 years, meanwhile other developing countries population growth of only 1.31 times. After World War II, the second wave of the population happened in the whole world. In 1950-1988, the world population became doubled. When entered the second half of the 20th century, the unprecedented population growth was coming. Not only the population growth rate reached a historical peak level, and the population increase over more than two million years of human history accumulated in the total population. As we all know that population problem affect the state of the economy and it can cause many kinds problems. Nowadays, effectively solving the populationShow MoreRelatedSustainability, Protection And The Preservation Of The Environment Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pagessupply of resources that humans need in order to satisfy their needs and wants. However, if you look at the world recently, humans have started to realize that these resources aren’t unlimited and have started thinking about sustainability, protection and the preservation of the environment. 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The promotion of gender equality is co-existent with social protection and the first step to combating gender inequality, while simultaneously combating problems related to poverty and education. Inequality does not only exist in the form of gender inequality, but also in income distribution as well, where the top quintile of the population consumes far more than the bottom quintile of the population. The existenceRead MoreThe World s Urban Population1581 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction background From 2011 to 2050 it is expected that the world urban population is rise from 7.4 billion to 9 billon. Much of this will be in the cities of developing and less developing countries (World Urbanization Prospects the 2011 Revision, 2012). Therefore maximum of the development will happen in Asia and Africa. Population will be living in urban areas by 2020 and 2035 respectively. It is forecast that the world’s urban population will grow by 1.4 billion during the period of 2011 and 2030

Micro Economic Essay Sample free essay sample

1. Principe OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEWChapter 1- QUESTION FOR REVIEW ( 18 )No 3. What is rising prices and what causes it?= Inflation is an addition in the overall degree of monetary values in the economic system. Inflation happen because perpetrator is growing in the measure o money when a authorities creates larges measures of the nation’s money. the value of the money. No 5. Explain the two chief causes of market failure and give an illustration of each! = Externality. is the impact of one person’s action on the well being of a bystanderExample: pollution.= Market power. is the ability of a individual economic histrion ( or little group of acors ) to hold a significant influence on market monetary values.Example: if everyone in town demands H2O but there is merely one well. the proprietor of the well is non capable to the strict competition with which the unseeable manus usually keeps self involvement in cheque. 2. Principles of economics-mankiewChapter 2 –question for reappraisal ( 38 )No. 1. Why do economic experts sometimes offer conflicting advice to policymakers?= economic expert who advise policymakers offer conflicting advise either because of differences in scientific opinions or because of differences in values. At other times. economic expert are united in the advice they offer. but policymakers may take to disregard it. No. 7. What are the subfields into which economics is divided? Explain what each subfield surveies. = microeconomics and macroeconomics.Microeconomicss is the survey of how families and houses are make determinations and how they interact in shapers.Macroeconomicss is the survey of economi broad phenomena. including rising prices. unemployment. and economic growing. 3. PRINCIPES OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEWChapter 3 – QUESTION FOR REVIEW ( 61 )No 2. Give an illustration in which one individual has an absolute advantage in making something but another individual has a comparative advantage.= illustration of absolute advantage: in this instance. clip is the lone input. So we can find absolute advantage by looking at how much each type of production takes. The rancher has an absolute advantage both in bring forthing meat and in bring forthing murphies because she requires less clip than the husbandman to bring forth a unit of either good. The rancher needs to input merely 20 proceedingss to bring forth an ounce of meat. whereas the husbandman needs 60 proceedingss. Similiarly. the rancher demand merely 10 proceedingss to bring forth an ounce of murphies. whereas the husbandman needs 15 proceedingss. Based on this information. we conclude that the rancher has the lower cost of bring forthing murphies. if we measure cost by the measure of inputs. =example of comparative advantage: the husbandman has a lower chance cost of bring forthing murphies than the rancher. An ounce of murphies cost the husbandman merely 14 ounce of meat. but it cost the rancher 12 ounce of meat. Conversely. the rancher has a lower chance cost of bring forthing meat than the husbandman: an ounce of meat costs the rancher 2 ounce of murphies. but it cost the husbandman 4 ounce of murphies. Therefore the husbandman has a comparative advantage in turning murphies. and the rancher has a comparative advantage in bring forthing meat. No 4. Explain how absolute advantage and comparative advantage differ! =the people who can bring forth good with the smaller measure of inputs is said to hold an absolute advantages in bring forthing good. The individual who has the smaller chance cost of bring forthing the good is said to hold a comparative advantage. 4. Principe OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEWChapter 4-QUESTION FOR THE REVIEW ( 86 )No. 6. Specify the equilibrium of the market. Describe the forces that move a market toward its equilibrium= Equilibrium is a state of affairs in which the market monetary value has reached the degree at which measure supplied peers measure demanded. The behaviour of purchasers and Sellerss of course drives markets toward their equilibrium. The activities of the many purchasers and Sellerss automatically push the market monetary value toward the equilibrium monetary value. Once the market reaches its equilibrium. all purchasers and Sellerss are satisfied. and there is no upward or downward force per unit area on the monetary value. In most free markets. excesss and deficits are merely impermanent because monetary values finally move toward their equilibrium degrees. No. 9. What is a competitory market? Briefly describe a type of market that is non absolutely competitory. = competitory market is a market in which there are many purchasers and many Sellerss so that each has a negligible impact on the market monetary value. * Monopolistic competition = market characterized by legion purchasers and comparatively legion Sellerss seeking to distinguish their merchandise from those of rivals. * Oligopoly = market characterized by a smattering of ( by and large big ) Sellerss with the power to act upon the monetary values of their merchandises. * Monopoly = market in which there is merely one manufacturer that can therefor put the monetary values of its merchandises 5. Principles OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEW CHAPTER 5-QUESTION OF REVIEW ( 109 )No. 5. If the snap is grearter than 1. is demand elastic or inelastic? If the snap peers 0. is demand absolutely elastic or absolutely inelastic?= If the snap is greater than 1. and demand is elastic. if the snap yequals 0. demand is absolutely inelastic No 9. List and explainthe four determinantsof the monetary value snap of demand discussed in the chapter. * Availability of close replacements Goods with close replacements tend to hold more elastic demand because it is easier for consumer s to exchange from that goods to others. * Necessities versus luxuriesNecessities tend to hold inelastic demands. whereas luxuries have elastic demands. * Definition of the marketThe snap of demand in any market depends on how we draw the boundaries of the market. * Time skylineGoods tend to hold more elastic demand over longer clip skylines. 6. Principle OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEWCHAPTER 6-QUESTION OF REVIEW ( 131 )No. 2. What determines how the load of the revenue enhancement is divided between purchasers and Sellerss? Why?= revenue enhancement incidence. Tax incidence is the mode in which the load of the revenue enhancement is shared among participants in a market. The term revenue enhancement incidence refers to how the load of the revenue enhancement is distributed among the assorted people who make up the economic system. As we will see. some surprising lessons about revenue enhancement incidence can be learned by using the tools of supply and demand. No. 7. Give an illustration of a monetary value ceiling and an illustration of a monetary value floor = monetary value ceiling is a legal upper limit on the monetary value of a good or service. An illustration is rent control. If the monetary value ceiling is below the equilibrium monetary value. the measure demanded exceeds the measure supplied. Because of the resulting deficit. Sellerss must in some manner ration the good or service among purchasers. =a monetary value floor is a legal lower limit on the monetary value of good or service. An illustration is the minimal pay. If the monetary value floor is above the equilibrium monetary value. the measure supplied exceeds the measure demanded. Because of the ensuing excess. buyer’s demands for the good or service must in some manner in rationed among Sellerss. 7. Principles OF ECONOMICS – MANKIEWCHAPTER 7-QUESTION OF REVIEW ( 155 )No. 1. Name two types of market failure. Explain why each may do market results to be inefficient. 1. Market power. It can cauase markets to be inefficients because it keeps the monetary value and measure off from the equilibrium of supply and demand. 2. Outwardnesss. cause public assistance in a market to depend on more than merely the vaue to the purchasers and the cost to the Sellerss. Bacause purchasers and Sellerss do non see these side effects when make up ones minding how much to devour and bring forth. the equilibrium in a market can be inefficient from the point of view of society as a whole. No. 2. In a supply-and-demand diagram. show manufacturer and consumer excess in the market equilibrium. 8. Principles OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEWChapter 8 –QUESTION OF REVIEW ( 173 )No. 3. Pull a supply-and-deand diaram with a revenue enhancement on the sale of the good. Show the deadweightloss. Show the revenue enhancement gross= No. 4. What happen to deadweight loss and revenue enhancement gross when a revenue enhancement is increased?= when the size of revenue enhancement addition. it disorts inducements more. and its deadweight loss rapidly gets larger.But. foremost revenue enhancement gross rises with the size of the revenue enhancement. as the revenue enhancement get larger plenty. the revenue enhancement gross starts to fall ( after reach the maximal point ) 9. PRINCIPLES ECONOMICS-MANKIEWChapter 9-QUESTION FOR REVIEW ( 196 )No. 4. When does a state go an exporter of a good? An importer? = a low domestic monetary value indicates that the state has a comparative advantage in bring forthing the good and that the state will go an exporter. A high domestic monetary value indicates that the remainder of the universe has a comparative advantages in bring forthing the good and that the state will go an importer. No. 5. Describe what a duty and its economic sciences consequence = duty is a revenue enhancement on goods produced abbroad and sold domestically. The effects. the duty reduces the measure of imports and moves the domestic market closer to its equilibrium without trade. 10. Principles OF ECONOMICS – MANKIEWChapter 13 – QUESTION OF THE REVIEW ( 284 )No. 1. Define economic systems of graduated table and explicate why they might originate. = economic systems of graduated table. is the belongings whereby long-term mean entire cost falls as the measure of end product additions Economies of sclae frequently arise because higher production degrees allow specialisation among workers. which permits each worker to go better at a specific undertaking. No. 4. What is fringy merchandise. and what does it intend if it is decreasing? =marginal merchandise is the addition in end product that arises from an extra unit of input.Decreasing fringy merchandise intend the belongings whereby the fringy merchandise of an input declines as the measure of the input additions. 11. Principles OF ECONOMICS – MANKIEWChapter 21 – QUESTION OF THR REVIEW ( 480 )No 1. A consumer has income of $ 3000. Wine cost $ 3 per glass. nd cheese cost $ 6 per lb. Pull the consumer’s budget restraint. What is the incline of this budget restraint? No. 2. Pull a consumer’s indifference cuvers for vino and cheee. Describe and explicate four belongingss of these indifference curves. Answer no. 2Four belongingss of indifference curve:1. Higher indifference curvves are preferred to lower 1s. Peoples normally prefer to devour more goods instead than less. 2. Indifference curves are downward sloping. The incline of indifference curve reflects the rate at which the consumer is willing to replace one good for the other. In most instances. the consumer likes both goods. Therefore. if the measure of one good is reduced. the measure of the other good must increase for the consumer to be every bit happy. For this ground. most indifference curves slope downward. 3. Indifference curves do non traverse. The consumers ever prefers more of both goods to less. 4. Indifference curves are bowed inward. The incline of indifference curves is the fringy rate of substitution-the rate of which the consumer is willing to merchandise off one good for the other. The fringy rate of permutation ( MRS ) normally depends on the sum of each good the consumer is presently devouring. In peculia r. because people are more willing to merchandise away goods that they have in copiousness and less willing to merchandise away goods of which they have small. the indifference curves are bowed inward.

Gang Culture Has Increasingly Become A Subculture For Many Teenage You

Gang Culture has increasingly become a subculture for many teenage youths. Main minority teens, these social outcast are often have no real economic stability and no parental supervision or guidance. As a result, teenagers often rebel and seek comfort in gangs. These gangs provide what is lacking in their lives, a sense of belonging. Minorities are often stereotyped and criticized, especially minorities born into poverty. They are condemned simply because they are not of the same race or of the same class as the majority (often middle class whites). Before these minorities can even prove themselves equal, society already pushes them towards the subculture that has risen out of oppression and rebellion. Gang culture reinforces, and in some cases challenges, the social norms of economic class. Minority gangs typically come from the inner city. Society often blames the inner city teenager for giving into these gangs but still do nothing to help prevent it. Many people fail to realize the difficulty in living in the ghettos. White suburban kids do not have to avoid certain streets just to avoid confrontation. White suburban kids do not have to live with the constant violence on the streets. White suburban kids do not have to worry about drive-by shootings. With so much violence in inner cities, one can only expect teenagers to be easily misguided. Many inner city kids are able to avoid the gang life, however, there are still the others that have succumbed to the lifestyle. With the violence, peer pressure, and the need to fit in, it is not surprising that many troubled teenagers find comfort in gangs. Gangs offer them protection, Friendship, and a sense of belonging. Society often looks at lower-class minority teenager as low-class street hoodlums. Gangs only help reinforce this stereotype. As teenagers growing up, they do not have the nice sports cars of the nice clothes to show off as many other middle, upper-class teenagers do. Regardless of race or class, people associate material items with identity and status. And with these possessions, people use them as a means of competition to show off their status. However, lower-class gang members are not able to communicate through materialistic possessions. With no economic power, these teenagers often turn to violence as an alternate from of power. With all the violence out on the streets, gangbangers do not care so much about materialist items. What is more important is survival. Middle-class teenagers do not have to fear for their lives every day. Instead they worry more about being accepted into the right crowds and owning lots of expensive items to show off. Most people fail to realize gang members are products of a bad environment that they are forced to live in. Immigrant families arrive with little money and have no choice but to live in bad neighborhoods. Society sees ghettos that are overfilled with immigrants and gangs so all low-class minority teens end up being stereotyped as being gangsters. The violence is not only on the streets but also at home. Often times, lower-class minority teens come from unstable homes. Immigrant parents no doubt already have a difficult time trying to make it in this prejudice society. With hard time the common cycle of poverty, drug and alcohol abuse, and sometime physical abuse arises. As a result teenager often rebel against their parents and find solace elsewhere. Because of the lack of love and guidance from parents, teens often stray from the family and wander blindly into the life of a gangbanger. Many of these ghetto troubled teens feel that they have nothin going for them so choosing this type of lifestyle is their way of getting through life and it is the only way they know to get through llife. Adolescence is the most crucial time to shape a young mind. When the world is against them during these times, many minority teens tend to easily stray from the right path and enter into the wrong crowd. Gangs have become a growing trend, a perfect outlet for many troubled youths. They feel that they have nothing to life for so instead they live for their gangs. Although gang members are typically inner city minority teenagers, there are still many "wannabes" that are attracted

The Truth Behind Pirate Legends and Myths

The Truth Behind Pirate Legends and Myths With new books and movies coming out all the time, pirates have never been more popular than now. But is the iconic image of a peg-legged pirate with a treasure map and a parrot on his shoulder historically accurate? Lets sort the facts from the myths about pirates of the Golden Age of piracy, which lasted from 1700 to 1725. Pirates Buried Their Treasure Mostly myth. Some pirates did bury treasure - notably, Captain William Kidd - but it was not a common practice. Pirates wanted their share of the loot right away, and they tended to spend it quickly. Also, much of the loot collected by pirates was not in the form of silver or gold. Most of it was ordinary trade goods, such as food, lumber, cloth, animal hides, and so on. Burying these things would ruin them! They Made People Walk the Plank Myth. Why make them walk off a plank if its easier to throw them overboard? Pirates had many punishments at their disposal, including keel-hauling, marooning, dispensing lashes, and more. Some later pirates allegedly made their victims walk off a plank, but it was hardly common practice. Many Pirates Had Eye Patches and Peg Legs True. Life at sea was harsh, especially if you were in the navy or on board a pirate vessel. The battles and fighting caused many injuries, as men fought with swords, firearms, and cannons. Often, the gunners - those men in charge of the cannons - had the worst of it. An improperly-secured cannon could fly around the deck, maiming everyone near it. Other problems, such as deafness, were occupational hazards. They Lived by a Pirate â€Å"Code† True. Almost every pirate ship had a set of articles that all new pirates had to agree to. It clearly set out how the loot would be divided, who had to do what and what was expected of everyone. Pirates were often punished for fighting on board, which was strictly forbidden. Instead, pirates who had a grudge could fight all they wanted on land. Some pirate articles have survived to this day, including the pirate code of George Lowther and his crew. Crews Were All Males Myth. There were female pirates who were just as lethal and vicious as their male counterparts. Anne Bonny and Mary Read served with the colorful Calico Jack Rackham and were famous for berating him when he surrendered. Its true that female pirates were rare, but not unheard of. Pirates Often Used Colorful Phrases Mostly myth. Pirates would have spoken like any other lower-class sailors from England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, or the American colonies. While their language and accent must certainly have been colorful, it bore little resemblance to what we associate with pirate language today. For that, we have to thank British actor Robert Newton, who played Long John Silver in movies and on TV in the 1950s. It was he who defined the pirate accent and popularized many of the sayings we associate with pirates today. Sources: Cordingly, David. Under the Black Flag: The Romance and Reality of Life Among the Pirates. Random House Trade Paperbacks, 1996, NY. Defoe, Daniel (Captain Charles Johnson). A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn, Dover Publications, 1972/1999, USA. Konstam, Angus. World Atlas of Pirates. Lyons Press, 2009. Konstam, Angus. The Pirate Ship 1660-1730. Osprey, 2003, NY.

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Research paper - Essay Example In addition, the course has helped to ward off my ignorance about the environment, culture, geopolitics, oil, Islam, conflict and war in the Middle East region. From the course, I learned the importance of global significance of the Middle East to the entire world. The Arab world has a significant value at political, cultural, economic, and religious levels domestically, regionally and internationally. The significance of religion in the region centers on the fact that it is perceived to be the original place of single or monotheistic Islam (Mohamed n.d). There is changing nature of geopolitics in the Middle East or Arab world in the sense that the impact of Iranian and Turkish rapprochement will make the Middle East nations to experience pressure from Iran and worsen the situation in Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria. These complexities and pressure may have been exacerbated by the U.S president’s recent moves. Combined, the nightmare in the Middle East has been redoubled. The United Arabs Emirates, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia form an effective political bloc in the Middle East. These countries would soon come up with a single currency for the Gulf countries thus isolating certain Middle East countries such as Iran, Palestine, and Kuwait. Israel has isolated itself and formed a formidable relation with the U.S. For instance, I learned that currently, both Israel and the U.S. clearly expressed their goal to control their competitors economically throughout the next 10 years. Furthermore, California is currently a laboratory for energy research and development led by Israel such as the Bright source Company energy. It is vital to note that the U.S. support to Israel is destroying the country. The U.S. is been supporting Israel financially when its own internal economy is weak or struggling (Wright 78). Issues and problems in the Middle East The main issues and problems in the Middle East are the water crisis, war or conflict and dictatorship. In countries of Middle E ast, water shortage is a common problem. For example, in Jordan ‘the drying of streams has led to the lowering of water levels across the country. The water scarcity or shortage in the Middle East has been attributed to the extremely dry climate and the rapid economic development of the country supported the increase of population, which, in its turn, led to the increase of need for water (Wright 89). Water has an additional economic aspect in countries that have scarce water resources. Due to this, the Arab world or Middle East import water for both agricultural and domestic use. This is costly because under certain circumstances, the needs surpass the availability of the resources. The above issue is of critical importance if taking into consideration the fact that the needs for water tend to be increased in countries where the rate of increase of population is high; in Middle East countries such trends have been reported the last decade. For example, the population of Abu D habi ‘has been increased with an annual rate of 6.5% since 1975. In addition, in Jordan, a key member of the Arab league or Middle East, the needs for water supply are expected continuously increase for the next 27 years. The crisis of water in the Arab world or Middle East has been worsened by the deteriorating quality of water in recent years. The utilization of water for industrial, agricultural,

Substance use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Substance use - Essay Example It appears that availability of opioids and subcultural factors are key in opioid use† (Encylopedia of Mental Disorders par. 19). In recent times, opioid abuse has increased through being given routine 30-day prescriptions for opioids as painkillers for illnesses requiring only a day or two for the pain to subside (Kluger par.2). 2. Give some examples of the use of hallucinogenic plants or drugs in connection with religious practices. The article on hallucinogens published in Medical Discoveries indicates that hallucinogenic plants or drugs have been used in connection with religious practices. (1) â€Å"Medicine men, shamans, and other spiritual leaders have used natural hallucinogens found in plants and mushrooms since ancient times, believing in their power to help contact the spiritual world or mystical beings for guidance in serving their people† (par. 4); (2) â€Å"In Mexico, mushrooms called Psylocybe mexicana, which contain the fungi psilocybin and psilocin, hav e been used in religious rituals since the time of the Aztec civilization† (par. 6); (3) â€Å"Peyote is the only psychedelic agent that has been authorized by the federal government for limited use during Native American religious ceremonies† (par. 7). 3.

A tale of two airlines case Essay Example for Free

A tale of two airlines case Essay As Professor Roger McPherson’s wait to go through the security process a second time dragged on into its third hour on this Spring day in 2002, (all passengers had to be rescreened upon the discovery that one of the airport screening machines was unplugged) he was reminded of another delayed business trip and the role that information technology played in the story. At 5:30pm on February 15, 1995, 200 feet off the ground, Professor Roger McPherson gazed anxiously through the fog as his airplane moved to touch down at Hartsfield Airport in Atlanta, more than 1 hour and 15 minutes late. He had 30 minutes to catch his 6:00pm flight to London, where he would be meeting with the executive leadership of a major British power company to discuss their information strategy. He felt fortunate, however, to be flying this carrier, which had a reputation for outstanding service. He was even more comfortable because he had a full-fare first-class ticket and was a Gold Card member. Professor McPherson was always uneasy about the large premium charged for full, first-class tickets, but knew that in a crunch it often meant the difference between a making a connection and missing one. He well remembered a decade ago flying this airline from Milan to London to connect to a flight to New York. Bad weather then had also reduced his 1-hour-and-30-minute connect time to 10 minutes. A discussion of the problem with the first-class cabin attendant had resulted in a phone call from the pilot to London (the airlines hub city), and a car to whisk him and one other passenger to the New York flight, which took off only one minute late. That extraordinary service had made Professor McPherson a 10-year devotee of the airline. In the network age, he knew it would be different and he was secure. The airline flying to London would have identified him off their computer as a close-connecting passenger. It would have noted he checked no bags through, and it would be anxious to capture his $2,500 fare—about 10 times that of the average passenger—on an only moderately loaded flight. As his plane pulled into the gate at 5:40pm, he knew it would be tight but he would make it, particularly given the fact that all planes were coming in late. Moving his 57-year-old frame into a dim recollection of a high school 400-meter specialist, he set off. Two escalator rides and one train ride later, the gate came into sight and he braked to a halt at 5:53pm. It was close, but he had done it. Looking through the airport window, however, he was stunned to see the air bridge detached from the plane with splendid teutonic efficiency 7 minutes early. The door to the bridge was closed, no agent was in sight, and he was reduced to waving his bags through the window to the pilot 20 yards away (it had, after all, worked once in a similar situation on Continental Airlines). Alas, by 5:58pm the plane was pushed back, and the agents emerged and quite cheerfully (and unregretfully; they had no clue who he was) booked him onto another airline that would leave 1 hour and 45 minutes later. He would be 30 minutes late for his meeting in London, but the executives would understand. Distinctly irritated, he straggled off to the new airline’s first class lounge to begin a frantic series of phone calls and faxes to the United Kingdom. As he trudged through the airport, McPherson began to see the beginning of a lecture on service in the network economy and the fact that technology is only a small enabling piece of a total service concept. At 7:50pm, comfortably seated in the first-class cabin of his new carrier, McPherson jerked to attention as the captain came on to announce that because of a leak in the hydraulic system, there would be an aircraft change and a two-and-one-half-hour delay. Sprinting off the plane, McPherson realized that the meeting with the power company executives, planned three months ago, would be over before he got there. The following day he was due in Frankfurt to give the keynote address at a major information systems conference. Flying to the United Kingdom to connect to Frankfurt would be a hassle and unnecessary since the purpose of stopping in the United Kingdom   was now totally negated. Glancing up at the departure board, McPherson was surprised to see a 7:55pm boarding departure for a plane to Frankfurt, nine gates away. Pulling into the gate at 8:02pm, he discovered several things: 1. The plane was at the gate, and with commendable dispatch the gate agent relieved him of his London boarding pass and his London-to-Frankfurt ticket and hustled him onto the plane minutes before the door closed. 2. The cabin attendant, giving him his favorite drink, explained that because of favorable tail winds across the Atlantic and the fact that eight passengers (plus now McPherson and one other) had very tight connections, they had decided to hold the plane for 15 minutes to get the extra passengers and still arrive on schedule. The note of pride in the cabin attendants voice was evident. One-and-a-half hours later, appropriately wined and dined, McPherson drifted off to sleep, reflecting on what a remarkable case study had played out in front of him in the previous two hours. Information technology, operations strategy, management control, an empowered (also unempowered) work force, and service management had been interwoven into a tableau. A revised format for his speech in Frankfurt began to emerge. Best of all, he would not have to go through a case release process because it had all happened to him.

Vehicle Drive Train Systems Essay -- physics car automobile vehicle

Before the advent of the automobile, buggies were typically propelled by one or more horses. Even with the first automobiles there was a need for a drive system, though, since those horses were no longer there. One thing that has remained common to every car is a motor and transmission system of some sort, but what varies greatly between cars is what is between the transmission and the wheels, also known as the drive train. There are many different styles of drive trains, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Front Wheel Drive The most common style of drive train is that of the front wheel drive, abbreviated FWD. Front wheel drive was not, however, the first drive system. Front wheel drive first made its appearance in the automobile market in 1933 with the French Traction Avant, which literally means "pull from the front." At the time, the idea of having a car pulled by the front wheels was rather different, but this style of getting the power to the wheels worked rather well. What made the Traction Avant successful was that it was lighter and more fuel efficient than other car models made at the time. This increased efficiency was a result of not only eliminated weight, but also reduced power loss in moving the rotational energy to the back. The idea of front wheel driven cars was not embraced immediately by major car manufacturers, though, since having all the driving mechanisms placed right under or in front of the engine added complexity in production and maintenance that was not worth the extra gas mileage. It was when the gasoline shortage hit America in the early 1980s that the front wheel drive car first became popular. Chevrolet first implemented the system in its "Citation," in 1979, which became an... ...front and rear differentials. Taking this into consideration, all wheel drive systems are almost always on full time. In order for all wheel drive to work, a specialized computer and a matching set of sensors is needed to tell which wheels are spinning and to which wheels the power should be transferred to. The change is done through a series of automatic wheel braking, adding another complicated and costly mechanism to the brakes system. For this reason all wheel drive systems were usually only used in vehicles like Mercedes and Porches. Lately, though, due to the advances in manufacturing technology, there have been a few domestic vehicles released, like the newer Ford Explorers and the Saab 9-2X, both of which feature all wheel drive. Should the cost of production of all wheel drive systems continue to decrease, more domestic vehicles will feature it in the future.

Essay on Hiv

Home reading. As my qualification paper is devoted to the global health, I decided to analyze 4 newspaper articles from BBC, The Guardian and the NY Times concerning the cure for HIV/AIDS. In all the articles the topic of possible existence of the cure for HIV is discussed. They scientists from different world laboratories share their opinion on the right way of creation of this vaccine. It is extremely hard to find the appropriate therapy for patients, because the virus has a tendency to a very rapid mutation.So while the scientists are creating the drug for a patient according to his analyzes, the virus can change in a day and the treatment won’t be effective. Some scientists think that it’s necessary to create a cocktail of many steams of the HIV virus and then create one vaccine. But it will take a very long time and too much many. Moreover the reaction of the patient’s organism can be unpredictable. Other specialists presume that it’s important to pay attention to those patients who carry the neutralizing antibodies in their organisms.Because the cells that produce antibodies have to go through up to 100 mutations before they make neutralizing ones, Dr. Fauci said, a vaccine to induce that would require many shots, given month after month, to â€Å"push† the cells through those mutations. But the problem is that only 20 percent of the infected have the neutralizing antibodies in their organisms. There are two officially registrated cases when a patient didn’t have a virus in his blood after medical treatment.The first one was in Germany, when a patient with a destroyed immune system, induced by his cancer disease, was transplanted with a stem cell from a donor with a rare genetic mutation that resists HIV infection. The second case took place in the US with a new-born baby in a rural hospital, whose mother just received a positive HIV reaction. The treatment continued for 18 months from the first days of life of th is little baby-girl. After the treatment the scientists were astonished not to find the signs of the virus in her blood.But unfortunately not everything is so easy because this kind of treatment doesn’t suit to adults. The virus in the adult’s organism has already made a mutation and after several years of being infected the virus will infect all the cells in the body and then hides in the DNA, where it will be impossible to cure. On the other hand, 80 percent of all the infected live in the African countries where the possibilities to be cured and appropriate drugs are extremely poor. To conclude my essay I would like to say that an HIV pandemic has become a serious problem of our world.No one is safe enough not be infected by the virus. Nowadays there’s still no single way of treatment that can heal every patient. But the only thing that the scientists wanted us to remember that HIV virus is easier to prevent than to cure. Scientists use the most sophisticated technologies for eliminating this disease all over the world, but many people still don’t know usual requirements for protecting their health. It’s necessary to understand that your momentary pleasure can worth you a long-life HIV treatment. Internet resources: ) http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/health-21653463 – Analysis: A cure for HIV? By James Gallagher. 2) http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-us-canada-21651225 – US HIV baby ‘cured' by early drug treatment 3) http://www. nytimes. com/2013/04/04/health/aids-vaccine-path-suggested-by-study. html? ref=aids&_r=1& – Possible Path to Vaccine for AIDS Is Suggested. By DONALD G. Mcneil Jr. 4) http://www. guardian. co. uk/society/sarah-boseley-global-health/2012/jul/19/hiv-infection-infectiousdiseases? INTCMP=SRCH – A cure for Aids?

A Turning Point Of American History - 841 Words

Kolinski, Bella AP English 11 Mrs. Gittins 26 February 2016 A Turning Point in American History December 7th, 1941, also known as â€Å"a date which will live in infamy† (par. 2) was a turning point for America. On this day in history, the Pearl Harbor attack from Japan occurred leaving the entire nation in shock. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was left to rally America. His speech is known as one of the most memorable and powerful speeches in history and it is clear to see why through his use of diction in an attempt to appeal to pathos, the employment of ethos to create a sense of trust with America, and strategically using logos to clearly organize his speech. Roosevelt carefully chooses diction to effectively use pathos in his speech. One famous example of it is when he says that this attack is a â€Å"date which will live in infamy† (par. 2). They are words used to reach into the hearts of America and highlight how tragic this event was. Those six words create an appropriate theme for the rest of his speech showing how necessary it is to go to war with Japan. It sets up an ambience for the speech, really making it a sincere and sensitive topic for him to talk about. His repetition of the word â€Å"attack† in his speech shows that Japan did indeed attack our country and he displays the unjust cause of this event by using the harsh word â€Å"attack† repeatedly. He also states phrases such as â€Å"deliberately attacked† (par. 2) and â€Å"premeditated invasion† (par. 16) to provoke emotionShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Antietam Was The Turning Point Of American History1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe battl e of Antietam was the turning point in American history pertaining to the possible division of the nation, the abolishment of slavery, and the success of a democratic government. The battle analysis examines the strengths and weaknesses of the Confederate and Union army leading up to the battle on September 17, 1862. 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